Shock
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| shock |
shock definition: shock is a life-threatening clinical syndrome of cardiovascular collapse characterized by:
An acute reduction of effective circulating blood volume, hypertension and an inadequate perfusion of cells and tissues hypoperfusion.
If uncompensated, these mechanism may lead to impaired cellular metabolism and death, by definition "true shock" is a circulatory imbalance between oxygen supply and oxygen requirement at the cellular level and is also called as circulatory shock and is the type, which is commonly referred to as shock if not specified.
Term "initial shock" is used for transient and usually a benign vasovagal attack resulting from sudden reduction of venous return to the heart causes by neurogenic vasodilation and consequent peripheral pooling of blood, eg. immediately following the trauma, severe pain or emotional overreaction such as due to fear, sorrow or surprise.
Clinically patient of primary shock suffer from the attack lasting for a few seconds or minute and develop brief unconsciousness, weakness, sinking sensation, pale and clammy limbs, weak and rapid pulse and low blood pressure.
Another type of shock which is not due to circulatory derangement is "anaphylactic shock" from Type 1 immunologic reaction.
classification of shock
Hypovolaemic shock
Cardiogenic shock
Septic shock
other types -
Traumatic shock
Neurogenic shock
Hypoadrenal shock.
Pathogenesis of shock
- Reduced effective circulating blood volume,
- Impaired tissue oxygenation
- Release of inflammatory mediators.
Pathophysiology of shock
stages of shock -
Although deterioration of the circulation in shock is a progressive and continuous phenomenon and compensatory mechanism become progressively less effective,
What are the 3 stages of shock?
shock has been divided into 3 stages-
1.compensated (non progressive, initial, reversible) shock
2.Progressive decompensated shock
3.Irreversible decompensated shock.
shock is characterized by multisystem failure, the morphologic changes in shock is due to hypoxia resulting in degeneration and necrosis in various organs. The major organs affected are the brain, heart, lungs and Kidneys. Morphologic changes are also noted in the adrenal, gastrointestinal tract, liver and other organs.
Clinical features or symptoms of shock ( complication of shock)
What are the signs of someone in shock?
What happens when you go into shock?
1.Very low blood pressure
2.Sub normal temperature
3.Feeble and irregular pulse
4.Shallow respiration
5.Weakness
6.Fainting
7.Confusion
8.Cold skin
9.Dizziness
10.Unconsiousness
Treatment of shock
How is shock treated? or What is the treatment of shock?
Shock is treated according to the type of shock :
At home or in condition of emergency shock,CPR is must.
Cardiogenic shock - Acute circulatory failure with sudden fall in cardiac output from acute diseases of heart without actual reduction of blood volume results in cardiogenic shock.so,find the underlying disease.
Hypovolaemic shock - This form of shock results from inadequete circulatory blood volume by various etiologic factors that may be either from loss of red cell mass and plasma due to haemorrhage or from the loss of plasma volume alone.so,complete your blood volume.
Septic shock (Toxaemic shock) - Severe bacterial infection or septicaemia induced shock. septic shock is treated by Administration of antibiotics or other medicines as directed by physician or doctor.
prevention of shock
management of shock -
Prevent yourself from dehydration
stay away from infectious vectors
Avoid injury places
